Pudong Chuansha "Inner History Di" is the cradle of the sisters and brothers of the Song family. They have been influenced by the education of Chuansha private school and the culture of "Inner History Di" since childhood, especially Song Qingling. The Chuansha folk customs and living habits have been influenced by their ears and eyes. She has the Pudong people's sincere, persistent quality and pioneering spirit of pursuit, which laid a good foundation for Rosamond's glorious life.
Dare to seek to become Mr. Sun Yat-sen’s partner and assistant to the revolutionary cause
In the summer of 1913, after Rosamond graduated with honors from the Wisleyan Women’s College in the United States, she visited Sun Yat-sen many times in Tokyo when she returned to Japan and said she would assist him in revolutionary work. Soon, she would succeed her sister Song Ailing. Sun Yat-sen’s English secretary. Common ideals, mutual support, and a life of struggle led Rosamond to love Sun Yat-sen. On October 26, 1915, she became a revolutionary couple in Japan.
Since then, Rosamond has been with Sun Yat-sen in an indomitable struggle no matter how hard the revolutionary years are. She is not afraid of all difficulties and setbacks, and firmly supports Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary activities. Whether in the Generalissimo’s mansion at the Yuan Shimin factory in Henan, Guangzhou, or in the residence of Sun Yat-sen on Moliere Road in Shanghai; whether in the artillery fire of Yuexiu Tower, or during countless lectures on the way north, she has her Silhouette. Especially when Sun Yat-sen was troubled and depressed, he gave Sun Yat-sen great support and his wife's love.
After the failure of the first law-defense movement, Sun Yat-sen returned to Shanghai, living in a simple language, devoted himself to writing, and determined to change the status quo. In addition to taking care of Sun Yat-sen's daily life, Rosamond also helped him to look up books, collect materials, write manuscripts, and diligently fulfill the duties of a secretary. She assisted Sun Yat-sen in completing his 30-year struggle experience and theoretically summed up the grand blueprint for building a country with the most clear politics and the most peaceful of the people in accordance with the trend of the world. A Pudong native also provided suggestions for his construction of the Great Eastern Port in Pudong as the second plan of Sun Yat-sen's "Strategy for the Founding of the Country II Industrial Plan". "Strategies for the Founding of the Nation" is the precious spiritual wealth that Sun Yat-sen contributed to the Chinese nation. It also shines with Rosamond's wisdom and permeates Rosamond's efforts. At that time, domestic and foreign comments: "The talent of the non-madam is not enough for Mr. Zuo's career", "Her brilliant mind has enriched his mind". Fully affirmed Rosamond's wisdom, talent and outstanding contribution.
After the founding of the Communist Party of China, she firmly supported the cooperation between the Kuomintang led by Sun Yat-sen and the Chinese Communist Party, and worked together with Sun Yat-sen to realize the Three People's Principles of "United Russia, the Communist Party, and assisting farmers and workers". In 1922, after Sun Yat-sen received the Communist International representative Ma Lin in Guangzhou, he decided to establish the Kuomintang united front policy. At this time, Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary career had reached its peak. The sign of this pinnacle is the decision to cooperate with the Chinese Communist Party to start the Chinese revolution. Sun Yat-sen also developed the old Three Principles of the People into the New Three Principles of the People, and established the three major policies of uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party, and helping farmers and workers, realizing the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, promoting the Northern Expedition, and bringing a new stage of China's democratic revolution. The first climax. Rosamond spoke highly of Sun Yat-sen’s decision to cooperate with the CCP: “This is a revolutionary united front with great historical significance. From the perspective of the Chinese people who are fighting for the survival of the Chinese nation, it immediately achieved practical results. effect."
Inheriting his legacy and becoming a practitioner and leader in completing Sun Yat-sen’s unfinished business
Just as the storm of the Chinese National Revolution was rising again from the south, at 9:30 on March 12, 1925, Mr. Zhongshan, the great pioneer of the Chinese democratic revolution, passed away.
The death of Sun Yat-sen caused great losses to the Chinese National Revolutionary Movement. In these very difficult days, Rosamond and other revolutionary progressives turned grief into strength and resolutely inherited Sun Yat-sen's last wish. However, with the rapid deepening and development of the revolutionary situation, Sun Yat-sen's main assistants have become increasingly fierce ideological divisions and conflicts of interest for their own interests. In grief, Rosamond bravely faced reality, determined to inherit Sun Yat-sen's legacy and complete Sun Yat-sen's unfinished business.
After the "May 30th Massacre", Rosamond immediately spoke to a reporter from the Republic of China Daily, calling on the public to take this movement as a practice to implement Sun Yat-sen's unfinished aspirations, "All Chinese nationals should shoulder this important responsibility, members of the Chinese Kuomintang, especially Work hard to fulfill his leader’s unfinished ambitions. The spirit of Mr. Sun can be seen everywhere in the recent patriotic movement among students, workers and citizens, so Mr. Sun’s spirit is not dead.” He also independently issued guiding opinions, showing that a man who is becoming mature Leadership of a politician.
In July 1926, after Chiang Kai-shek stole the post of Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang, he launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup and its counter-revolutionary atrocities. Rosamond and other progressive Kuomintang members were greatly indignant. They stood firmly on the side of the people. With a fearless revolutionary spirit, facing the countercurrent of reaction, he organized the leftists of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communists to launch a nationwide campaign to condemn Chiang Kai-shek. Because Rosamond enjoyed high prestige in the society, Chiang Kai-shek tried every means to win her, use her, and send people to soften her, but she always held a clear-cut stand and insisted on a revolutionary stand. In July 1927, Chiang Kai-shek wrote a letter to Rosamond, hoping that she could go to Shanghai, but she had already seen through Chiang Kai-shek’s intentions, and immediately published the "Statement for Protesting Violation of Sun Yat-sen's Revolutionary Principles and Policies" in the "People's Political Forum" as a countermeasure. Reply to the letter from Chiang Kai-shek. This statement by Rosamond was a militant message to sever ties with the Kuomintang reactionaries headed by Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei, and won the respect and admiration of the Kuomintang leftists, the CCP and all sectors of society.
On April 22, 1927, CCP Mao Zedong, Wu Yuzhang, Lin Boqu, Yun Daiying and Kuomintang leftist Rosamond, Deng Yanda, He Xiangning, Chen Youren, etc. 40 people signed and issued the "Central Committee Jointly Discuss Chiang Kai-shek" statement, denounced Chiang Kai-shek as "a traitor to the Prime Minister. The scum of the party and the gangster of the nation" accused Chiang Kai-shek of "compromising with imperialism, not hesitating to pick up the spit of Wu Peifu, Sun Chuanfang, Zhang Zuolin, and Zhang Zongchang, using anti-Communist slogans to win his favor, and even to slaughter the people and see for him. The gift of "the crime of treason." On August 1, led by Rosamond, 22 members of the Kuomintang’s Second Central Committee, including Deng Yanda and Mao Zedong, issued a statement, pointing out that the few leaders of the Kuomintang who "sell the party and sell themselves" have turned the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang government into tools for the new warlords, and reiterated their support for Sun Yat-sen. The Revolutionary Three Principles of the People and the three major policies vowed to follow Sun Yat-sen's will and fight to the end. Rosamond was elected as a member of the presidium of the "August 1st" Nanchang Uprising United Front Organization led by the Chinese Communist Party.
In July 1929, on the second anniversary of the August 1 Nanchang Uprising, Rosamond sent a telegram to the Berlin World Anti- Imperial League. Rosamond's telegram made Chiang Kai-shek violent, but Jiang was frightened by her identity and high prestige at home and abroad, and did not dare to act rashly against her, so she had to seize her telegram. In order to achieve his goal, Chiang Kai-shek sent Dai Jitao to be a lobbyist. But Rosamond told Dai Jitao that the only way to prevent her from speaking was to shoot her and imprison her. He also said: "No matter what you do, you must be as bright as I am. Don't be scheming and surround me with detectives." In order to show her attitude, they published a record of their conversation in English on June 8th. "Tomorrow in China" published by Beijing University. Rosamond's clear attitude fully demonstrated her noble moral sentiment, unwavering political stance and open and upright revolutionary mind.
Unswervingly cooperate with the CCP to become a promoter of the anti-Japanese national united front
After the outbreak of the Xi'an Incident, Rosamond had a long-term vision, regardless of previous suspicions, and focused on the interests of unity against Japan. She did not advocate taking the opportunity to kill Chiang, as most people imagined; instead, she had the overall situation in mind and foresight, proceeding from the national and national interests, and proceeding from the principles of stopping civil war, unanimous resistance against Japan, and establishing an anti-Japanese national united front proposed by the CCP, and proposed to fight for the release of Chiang Kai-shek. Insights. As the CCP adhered to the policy of peacefully resolving the Xi'an Incident, through joint efforts in many areas, Chiang Kai-shek agreed to the conditions for unity to resist Japan, and the Xi'an Incident was resolved peacefully, which led to the realization of the national war of resistance. Rosamond’s opinion on the Xi’an Incident was completely consistent with that of the CCP under the circumstances of her own independent judgment. This is not a coincidence, but that she has stood with the CCP for a long time and has consistently adhered to the principle of unity of national interests and class interests. The inevitable conclusion drawn.
Shanghai fell into an isolated island, Rosamond decided to leave Shanghai to Hong Kong to continue the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. In Hong Kong, she founded the China Defense League. The main activity of the "China Defense League" is to mobilize and win overseas Chinese and people from all over the world to support China's War of Resistance Against Japan, with the main goal of assisting the Chinese Communist Party's anti-Japanese forces. The "Protection League" broke through the various military blockades of the Kuomintang and sent a large number of medicines, medical equipment and other aid materials to the hands of the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army and the people in the anti-Japanese base areas. The "Baomeng" also actively introduced foreign doctors to work in the anti-Japanese base areas, and published the English bimonthly "Newsletter for the Defense of the Chinese League" to report the true situation of the Chinese people's resistance to foreign countries, so that more people in the world can understand the CCP’s leadership. The combat performance of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army played a very important role in gaining support from foreign friends in the Chinese War of Resistance.
In Hong Kong, Rosamond maintains close ties with the Hong Kong Communist Party organization. In order to let Hong Kong compatriots and overseas Chinese see the progress of the press, the Hong Kong Party organization decided to create a united front newspaper to promote the Chinese people's unity in the War of Resistance. After discussing with Liao Chengzhi, Rosamond decided to allocate funds from Baomeng, and invited three executive members of Baomeng, Zou Taofen, Jin Zhonghua, and Deng Wenkui, along with Xia Yan, Fan Changjiang and Hu Qiaomu, to participate in the preparation and serve as editorial board members. The Chinese "Hua Shang Daily" was officially launched, and Rosamond wrote an inscription for it: "To be a strong backing for the firm resistance, an effective mouthpiece for maintaining unity, a voice of justice for the realization of democracy, a just complaint for the happiness of the people, and aggression After the "Southern Anhui Incident", Rosamond and He Xiangning twice jointly condemned Chiang Kai-shek's treachery and demanded that the Kuomintang must "abolish the plan to suppress the Communist Party, resolve the Communist Party plan, develop various anti-Japanese strengths, and protect various anti-Japanese wars." partisan". When the Pacific War broke out, Rosamond, persuaded by the Chinese Communists, left Hong Kong by plane for Chongqing.
After arriving in Chongqing, even though Chiang Kai-shek did everything possible to woo and lobby Rosamond and other democratic parties, he tried to isolate the Chinese Communist Party in order to achieve his various conspiracies to defeat. However, Rosamond and other patriotic democrats have stood in the same boat with the CCP in the storm, united and fought side by side, achieving unprecedented unity in history. After the "Southern Anhui Incident", the democratic movement in the rear area was at a low ebb and was the most difficult period of relative silence. But Rosamond stood upright in the companion capital Chongqing like a green pine that was not afraid of wind, snow and cold. In order to unite in the War of Resistance and fight for the final victory, she constantly demanded that the government grant democracy and freedom to the people, resolutely oppose the Kuomintang’s one-party dictatorship and high-pressure policy; demand equal treatment of all anti-Japanese troops and anti-Japanese parties, openly oppose and commit to abolishing the CCP The border region government and the anti-Japanese base area blockade; publicly exposed the Kuomintang’s policy of avoiding war and watching war and preparing for civil war.
Do your best to oppose the civil war and become a supporter of a coalition government
After Japan's surrender, Chiang Kai-shek disregarded the people's urgent desire for peace and the CCP's call to convene a party meeting and organize a coalition government, and conspired to use the support of US imperialism to try to eliminate the Chinese Communist Party. The cloud of civil war looms over the motherland, and China is facing a fierce battle of two destinies and two futures. Rosamond stood fearlessly on the side of the CCP and the people, stood at the forefront of the struggle against dictatorship and for peace and democracy, and made a clear-cut proposal to unite all progressive comrades who are willing to revolutionize and "strive to build a new China." ". She not only actively appealed to people from all walks of life at home and abroad to help the Chinese people in their revolutionary struggle, she also personally participated in fund-raising activities, even sold her own jewelry and appliances, and sent a large amount of donated materials, medicines and medical equipment to the liberated areas through various channels. , Making it "become one of the main external sources of supply in the Communist Party of China." In order to overcome the material difficulties in the liberated areas, meet the needs of the military and civilians in the liberated areas, and support the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese people, it played a huge role.
In order for the Chinese Communists to fight for peace in the overall situation, Mao Zedong and others resolutely flew to Chongqing to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek. The actions of the CCP caused a sensation in the mountain city; a large number of patriots such as Rosamond was deeply moved, and then worried about the safety of Mao Zedong and others and the fate of the country. After the CPC delegation arrived in Chongqing, Rosamond had repeatedly attended tea parties held by Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai and had cordial conversations with each other. However, when the ink on the "Double Ten Agreement" signed after the Chongqing negotiations was not dry, Chiang Kai-shek tore up the CPPCC resolution, unilaterally announced the convening of a pseudo-"National Assembly", and actively prepared the Kuomintang troops to attack the Chinese Communist Liberated Areas. Under the leadership of Mao Zedong and the great support of all peace-loving people across the country, the CCP completely shattered the conspiracy of the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek, and the People's War of Liberation began.
After three years of the War of Liberation and achieved full victory, the CCP has accelerated the establishment of a new China, but the CCP has not forgotten the patriotic democrats who have contributed to the establishment of the new China. Beginning in the autumn of 1948, patriotic democrats who were originally in the Kuomintang-ruled areas have secretly entered the liberated areas from all over the country and overseas at the invitation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In order to ensure that patriotic democrats can safely reach the liberated areas, Zhou Enlai made very careful arrangements, requiring underground CCP organizations across the country to ensure the safe arrival of democrats and their families. This accelerated the rescue of patriotic democrats. In order to ensure their smooth arrival in the liberated areas of the Communist Party of China, Zhou Enlai immediately called Wu Kejian in Shanghai to spare no effort to protect and rescue patriotic democrats such as Rosamond.
On the eve of Shanghai's liberation, all of Rosamond's family had left mainland China, some went to Taiwan, and some went abroad, and only Rosamond "chosen the Communist Party alone." She responded to the CCP's call to "carry the revolution through to the end", insisting on staying in Shanghai and fighting for the arrival of the new China. In order to prevent the dying struggle of the Kuomintang reactionaries, frantically destroying the city and factories in Shanghai, and cruelly suppressing progressives and revolutionary masses, Rosamond and the China Welfare Foundation led by her strive to participate in public and legal activities on the one hand, and cooperate with the leadership of the CCP on the other. The PLA is actively working to liberate Shanghai. In order to welcome the liberation of Shanghai, Rosamond never stopped public and legal activities. In order to prevent the Kuomintang reactionaries from jumping over the wall, the staff around her often changed her residence. After Shanghai was liberated, Mao Zedong sent Deng Yingchao and others to Shanghai to invite Rosamond to participate in the New CPPCC meeting, and brought Rosamond two letters from Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai. Rosamond's warm invitation to the Chinese Communists was deeply moved. August 26: Rosamond, accompanied by Deng Yingchao, left Shanghai and went north. When she arrived in Beiping, she was warmly welcomed by the leaders of the Communist Party of China such as Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi and people from all walks of life.
(From "Pudong woman in the history of" Author: Chen Weizhong)
