In the early development of Pudong, Mr. Mu Ouchu established or participated in the establishment of several major projects such as the "Cotton Planting Test Site", "Hengda Cotton Spinning Factory", "Pudong Power Plant", and "Pudong Industrial Company". The advanced ideas, concepts, Experience and many insights are part of his glorious activities during his lifetime, and are also an important spiritual wealth he left for future generations.
1. From the establishment of the Pudong "Cotton Planting Test Field", Much’s thoughts of "saving the country by industry" and grasping agriculture
"Industry to save the country" is the consistent and clear purpose of Mr. Mr. He saw that the development of agriculture should be the most important link in the revitalization of industry. He said: "In all industries, the one who occupies the center is no better than agriculture. To build a country based on agriculture, we must first improve farming, and become a country with a prosperous status, and then it can be strong; if the national strength is substantial, it can be saved and managed. Humiliation can be shameful.” This is why he later went to the United States to choose agronomy and why he devoted himself to industry. As a result, after returning to China, he devoted himself to the cotton industry. The first thing is that when the textile factory was established, he started to improve the cotton quality and introduced the American cotton test. He asserted: "If the cotton quality is not improved, our country will never develop spun yarn." In addition to the "Cotton Test Field", 5 county "Cotton Planting Test Plants" were set up in Pudong Sanlin and Yangsi areas. The husband knows that the cultivation of kapok (cotton) in Shanghai began in Wunijing. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Huang Daopo returned from Yazhou (now Yaxian, Hainan) to teach the method of weaving, processing cotton into commodities, and planting it since then. You Guang. Undoubtedly, kapok played a positive role in social economy and national life at that time. However, for hundreds of years, generations have passed without change, which has severely restricted the development and growth of my country's national textile industry. Mr. So has repeatedly called: "The quality of cotton must be improved, otherwise it will be difficult to make full progress in the textile industry." He not only speaks (propaganda, speech), but also acts as the director of each cotton seeding farm, personally guides the cotton farmers in the field. He has been invited many times to give lectures on “Improved Cotton Planting Methods” at “Nianzu Hall”, “Yangsi Ginning Factory”, Nanhui “Datuan Senior Primary School” in Sanlin Town, and emphasized that the planting distance should be sparse and not dense, and pay attention to improving the soil. Use fertilizers, drain water frequently, and sum up experience and lessons in time, compile the materials of "A Brief Talk on Improving Cotton Planting", and distribute them to cotton farmers after printing. This move, Mr. intends to establish ideologically and prove the importance of improving cotton quality in practice. People commented: "Mr. is a disseminator of modern science and technology experts in our country who send agricultural knowledge to the fields."
Then, in Yangsi, Sanlin Cotton Farm and other places, they used chart comparison to inform cotton farmers that the total amount of cotton produced in the world today, according to the newly published "American Agricultural Report": "The United States accounts for 67% of the world's cotton production. , China is only 5%. Also called cotton, American-produced slender and tough, Chinese-produced silk is short and thick; finished yarn: Huafang 24 yarns or less, and American yarns up to 42 yarns or more, until finer. The pros and cons are very clear. The reason?'It is not that our country's climate and land are inferior to humans, but human intelligence (science) is inferior to humans'." Obviously Mr. wants to use vivid graphs to illustrate specific figures, inspiring cotton farmers to catch up with shame , Change the inherent conservative and backward concepts. At that time, the "Shenzhen" reported that: "The U.S. cotton introduced by Mühl at the Yinxiang Cotton Planting Experimental Plant has an average yield of 160 jin per mu, with a maximum of 200 jin." "It has increased the enthusiasm of cotton farmers to change cotton quality. See you, sir. I am happy to predict: "In less than 10 years, China's cotton quality is expected to change. "A single spark can start a prairie fire. The Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce decided to distribute U.S. cotton in the provinces the following year, and plant them in accordance with improved methods. I think this is exactly what the husband wants to revitalize the industry. We must establish the idea of focusing on agriculture first.
2. From the reconstruction of the "Hengda Cotton Mill", look at the business management of M Moser, highlighting the advanced concept of talents
Mr started building the "Deda" textile factory in the summer of 1914, and continued to build the "Hengda" cotton spinning factory in 1919 with his brother Xiangyao. It can be said that he has made rapid progress and achieved outstanding results. At that time, “Hengda” had 10,000 spindles and a rated capital of 500,000 gold. In Pudong, except for the “Yuankangxiang Cotton Factory” first established by others in 1910, the equipment, capital, management and production were all “Hengda”. First. After the start of construction, the "Airplane" brand cotton yarn produced was sold all over the country. The "color aircraft cards" are sold to Nanyang, and the factory is booming. If you ask what is the secret of M Moser’s success? Answer: It is to focus on the introduction of western management science, and in the process of introducing western science and technology, highlight the role of talents in the sense of scientific management law. He said: There are so many things in business management, where do you start? We should start with people. Talents are the soul of the cause. No matter how good the system is, people must implement it. No matter what aspect of management, someone must do it. To put it bluntly, "management law is the law governing people." This is the ideological core of his business management, and it is also his most powerful hand in turning disadvantages into advantages in the fierce market competition.
3. From the centralized operation of "Pudong Power Plant", look at M Moser's vision and business strategy for industrial revitalization
Mr said: "The revitalizer is not as good as Fanji. Electricity is the mother of all motives. If there is a large electric plant to supply electricity, the motive power used by all factories, large and small, can start from this, and the cost will be reduced and the management will be simple. "At that time, Pudong took the shipbuilding and repair industry as an early start. Looking at the territory of Pudong, the national industry is not only dedicated to cotton textiles, but also focuses on developing electricity to compete with foreign companies. As a result, my husband planned and thought. Finally, on January 2, 1919, Tong Shiheng, Huang Yanpei, Ye Huijun, Zhu Shuyuan, Qian Xinzhihe met to initiate the establishment of "Pudong Electric Co., Ltd." and decided to raise 100,000 yuan in Zhangjia, Pudong. Build a thermal power plant in Bang. After a year of purchase and construction, the first machine of the power plant began to operate and transmit electricity on December 1, 1920, and officially opened in January 1921.
According to the electricity industry law at that time, each power plant should have a fixed business area. According to this rule, the Pudong power plant can only be located in the Pudong area. After several years of operation, "Pudian" electric wires have been popularized throughout Pudong. In this regard, the board of directors urgently discussed countermeasures. Mr. believes that since domestic users cannot expand, power plants have no choice but to seek expansion, and integrate many small-scale regional power plants and electric light factories by selling electricity, investing or merging. In this way, the business area of Pudong Power Plant has been expanded from Pudong to neighboring counties such as Baoshan, Nanhui, Chuansha, and Fengxian. In this way, operating income has also increased substantially. Everyone in the world says: Mr. sees Hongyuan and manages well.
After 1930, although the "January 28th" incident occurred, the Pudong area did not suffer any major losses, and the power plants continued to grow. From 1930 to 1936, the power sales and operating income of power plants increased by multiples every year. Due to the rapid development of the company, the unit was insufficient. I wanted to prepare for a new factory again, but unexpectedly, the "August 13th" Songhu Battle was coming again, and it was stopped.
The success of power plant clearly shows that shopping malls are like battlefields. It is impossible to win without grasping opportunities and strategies.
4. From the perspective of the proposed "Pudong Industrial Company", Much’s pragmatic style of being obsessed with local national economic development
On May 8, 1918, Mr. and Huang Yanpei held a discussion meeting on the establishment of "Pudong Industrial Company"; on the 18th of the same month, they exchanged views on the stock raising funds and the articles of association. At the meeting, Mr. and Huang Yanpei took the lead in subscribing more than 10,000 shares and paid back Three opinions were discussed: First, as a native of Pudong, it should be effective for the revitalization of Pudong’s local economy; second, on the basis of thorough investigations and studies on Chuansha and Nanhui, a contingency strategy was proposed to overcome the current "towel" and "lace." The respective problems and remedies in the three industries of "sock knitting"; the third is the key points that should be paid attention to in the operation of the "company".
Mr first emphasized: "My life rests here, wherever it hurts, whether indirectly or directly, it is everywhere." He expressed his deep feelings for Pudong's hometown. After in-depth investigation, he came to the fact that "ten million people rely on cooks, and they are the three industries of towels, lace, and socks." From its inception to the present in 1918, Chuansha Towel Factory has more than 70 companies in the county, equipped with 2500 wood machines, 3750 employees, and an annual output of 500,000 dozen towels, of which 12 are large and small and famous . Lace: At the beginning of the 20th century, Italian businessmen brought to the East from Europe. Working women in Shanghai area reformed and innovated, weaving patterns on the entire web to make various decorative daily necessities with ethnic styles, which are both practical and beautifying. . In the spring of 1913, Gu Shao, a county resident, opened the "Meiyida Lace Company" in Shanghai, and set up a training center at various intersections of Gaochang Township (now Gu Road) to teach female workers for free. Thousands of people learned this business at one time. For Chuansha most prosperous. The hosiery industry, mainly in Nanhui, began in 1912. It is said that when Hu Guiming, a townsman, went to Japan to investigate the industry, he saw a small and lightweight hosiery machine and bought two to take home. Hu originally intended to be used by his family only, but seeing that he had a future in development, he bought 12 hosiery machines from Japan and opened the first Pudong hosiery factory in the town. By 1914, the sock factory had developed greatly, and the county currently has 48 sock factories. Although the factory is located in Nanhui and the products are from Nanhui, the trademark is still in Shanghai, because the socks are all in Shanghai.
In view of the above situation, the "three industries" must first resolve the actual shortcomings in each industry if they want to rejuvenate and develop in order to enter the normal fast lane. Those who take on this important task must only establish a company. At the request of Huang Yanpei, he took advantage of the seminar and gave a speech on "Proposals for Revitalizing Pudong Industry". He pointed out: "The towel industry is less united, and there are separate governance and mutual quarrels, resulting in poor sales, falling market prices and poor quality; In the hosiery industry, manufacturers have gradually developed, but the prices have not been consistent. We should try to rectify, promote its development, break the influence of US restrictions, and solve the sluggish market. It is urgent to find ways to develop and expand sales.
In addition, after the establishment of the "company", the phenomenon of "too wide, too shabby, and too harsh" should be prevented. "Too big, the mother's wealth is easy to exhaust." "Too bad, that is, the shipment is slow." "Too harsh, after investing in stocks, infinitely demanding, care for one side, and forget each other, draw on each other, plant the party for selfishness, and cause Business broke down."
As for running a company well, Mr. said: "There are five kinds of interests, which are the key points that businessmen must contend for." First, "Buy in bulk for sporadic small yields." Second, "Buy in bulk, and the price of goods will not be devalued. "The third is "selection and shipment can only be exquisite, which promotes industrial progress, and other aspects make employers happy to use." Fourth, "bleaching and dyeing, the color and lustre strives to be bright, not only arouse the interest of buyers, but also help retailers There is no stagnation in the circulation of households." Fifth, "Assemble a large group, you will have a strong ability, you can get the opportunity to enter, you can retreat to strong barriers, and compete with others for profit." Mr. Frank said, knowledge and experience and concrete truth-seeking. The style of work has greatly encouraged everyone and promoted the process of the establishment of the "company". Practice has proved that: Mr. Mu Ouchu’s advanced ideas and concepts and scientific management in business operations, highlighting agriculture, emphasizing talents, etc., are all very correct. They will always be a textbook for future generations and should be carefully inherited and learned.
(From "early Mu lotus - Chinese modern business management pioneer," Author: Guo Bingcheng)
